A Comparative Analysis of Globalness in Health and Human Services: The United States and Taiwan
Article Number: N107 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: Economic globalization combined with massive human migrations has drastically transformed the landscape of health and human services. This article proposes a conceptual framework for encapsulating awareness, attitudes, and actions toward this new and evolving global reality. It is argued that the globalness in health and human services should and can be further codified by building on this initial framework.

A Comparison of Microcredit and Individual Development Accounts: Implications for China
Article Number: C005 | Issue: 273 | Pages: 0

Abstract: Microcredit and Individual Development Accounts (IDAs) are two models of asset-based policies. Although they derive from two different contexts (one from a developing country, the other from a developed country), they share much in common. Their similarities reflect the idea that modern social assistance promotes a developmental approach. The differences between the two models can be used as a reference for other countries trying to choose an appropriate approach to social assistance. As long as the model fits the culture of a country and impacts the target population, it is a feasible and effective approach for social assistance.

A Critical Appraisal of the South African Social Security System: Does It Meet the Needs of the Vulnerable and Poor?
Article Number: N088 | Issue: | Pages: 17

Abstract: This paper provides critically appraises the social security system in South Africa. The central argument is that even though the Constitution of South Africa and the Bill of Rights and White Paper on Social Welfare (1997), stipulate that access to social security is a basic human right; however, within the current neo-liberal macro-economic framework of Gear, access to social grants remains fragmented and beyond the reach of the vast majority of children and the vulnerably poor.

A New Start: Inclusion of Marginalized Juvenile Delinquents
Article Number: B48 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: No Abstract. First Paragraph of Intro: Internationally and especially in the Western world crime prevention measures used in connection with children and teens have always received political attention. In Denmark the Danish Crime Pre-vention Council has for many years been the instigator of many successful programs (Counsil, 2002). It has been characteristic, however, that these projects have been carried out without follow-up research or scientific assessment to ascertain their actual effect. Especially in the United States there has been great interest in carrying out true outcome research in connection with crime preven-tion projects in order to determine what works and what does not.

A PREVENTION STRATEGY TO THE UNEASINESS OF THE SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS
Article Number: B78 | Issue: | Pages: 11

Abstract: This work results from a first analysis of performance the "Sentinela" Program near the schools of fundamental teaching in Campina Grande city-PB. It is based on the study of sexual violence suffered by children and adolescents and as this problem can be approached at school in a prevention perspective, with the theater of puppets, ludico instrument which helps the dialogue.

A proactive solution to the drug problem in Egypt: An evaluation of a drug training program
Article Number: M-45 | Issue: 261 | Pages: 17

Abstract:

A structural analysis of determinants of corruption in less developed countries: a cross-national comparison
Article Number: N044 | Issue: 292 | Pages: 29

Abstract: Using structural equation models, this analysis investigates several important determinants of cross-national variation in levels of corruption for less developed countries. The findings highlight the positive effects of indicators linked to democracy-- political rights, civil liberties, press and economic freedom, women’s status, state strength, and foreign direct investment on control of corruption at the country level.

Actors, Institutions, Multiple Streams and Cultural Policy Reform: The Case of the Sofia City Fund for Culture
Article Number: N080 | Issue: 302 | Pages: 22

Abstract: The idea of the establishment of cultural funds at municipalities is not a novel discovery in Bulgaria. Decentralization of the responsibility for cultural funding and operation has entered the rhetoric of successive governments since the mid-nineties.

Africanization of Famine: An explanation from development perspective
Article Number: N068 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: Unlike in China, India, and Bangladesh, famine in Sub-Saharan Africa remains a threatening "unsolved" problem. Why, then, does famine continue to occur almost exclusively in Sub-Saharan Africa? Unlike classical approaches like natural disaster, war, and overpopulation, I argue that famine, the most extreme manifestation of poverty, has become Africanized because of a failure of developing food availability and food affordability. SUBMISSION

Aging and elder care in China: The case of Guangzhou
Article Number: N032 | Issue: 281 | Pages: 18

Abstract: The People’s Republic of China’s population is aging at a time when socialist cooperative provision and state social welfare are being swiftly and thoroughly reduced and revamped. Increasing such provisions are being supported by private enterprises and institutions. As the state continues to withdraw in the provision of such services, the Chinese family is being encouraged to shoulder the bulk of the elderly care responsibility. However, this task may be daunting as family size decreases and family being disrupted due to migration. This paper discusses some urban responses to the challenges of elderly care provision, drawing on the example of Guangzhou in Southern China. It is clear that in this southern city there is a network of care facilities, public and private, emerging to care for its aging population. Despite this, there are concerns that many, in particular elderly women, the poor and childless, will be left out of the caring network.

Aging in Singapore: Towards a national framework for elderly care
Article Number: N005/M22 | Issue: 272 | Pages: 21

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Agro-forestry in the Mampong Valley: An assessment of project strategy and outcomes
Article Number: M-40 | Issue: 261 | Pages: 32

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An Asset Based Approach to Poverty Reduction
Article Number: C010 | Issue: 282 | Pages: 0

Abstract: The article provides a description of the sustainable livelihoods framework for understanding and analyzing the multidimensional nature of poverty. This framework focuses on the household level and the diverse mix of assets that poor households require to escape poverty. It views the poor as strategic managers of their limited asset base and underscores the important role that risk management plays in the response of poor households to new economic opportunities.

An Essay on Child Protection, Hope, and Realism
Article Number: CP08 | Issue: 293 | Pages: 0

Abstract: The main thesis of this essay is that the decision whether to allow a child at-risk and his/her kin the benefit of the doubt as to their prospective functioning may be covertly value laden, and that the decision makers may be wrongly portrayed as critically skeptical and realistic. The essay explores the implications of a willingness to entrust oneself, even momentarily, to the hopes of children at risk and their kin.

An Independent Ukraine - Communities, Politics, and Sustainable or Unsustainable Development?
Article Number: N108 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: An analysis of the dynamics of socio-economic transformation in independent Ukraine and the development of solutions to contemporary problems.

An International Comparison of Hospital Multidisciplinary Teams for the Identification, Assessment and Treatment of Child Abuse Cases
Article Number: B74 | Issue: | Pages: 20

Abstract: The well-being of a child who has experienced abuse or neglect is dependent on whether or not a multidisciplinary, holistic treatment perspective is applied in hospital settings. This paper examines the different multidisciplinary approaches used by two major hospitals, one in the United States and the other in Brazil, in their attempt to confront the social problem of child maltreatment. Received: Harr 6/2/05, Fairchild 6/9/05, Souza 6/28/05

Art and Citizenship in the Speech of the Non-Profit Sector in Brazil: A discussion of art and citizenship within the Brazilian "third sector"
Article Number: B24 | Issue: | Pages: 15

Abstract: Artistic expressions are the focus of programs and social projects of the “third sector” in Brazil. These configure themselves with important strategies in the discourse of access to citizenship. This work discusses the meaning of this discourse in Brazilian society in the areas of its character and its mediation, this in a country of obvious social inequality which has marked its history.

Asset Building among African American Women: IDA Program Findings
Article Number: N050 | Issue: 291 | Pages: 21

Abstract: Despite economic hardships, low-income women can build wealth. This study explored the asset building experiences of Individual Development Account program participants in North Carolina, United States. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with nine low-income African American women. Content analyses were performed and findings indicate that future orientation may play a mediating role between IDA savings and housing capital. Future anti-poverty initiatives that include asset-based programs are suggested to help low-income women with long-term asset development.

Asset Building and Its Determinants: Lessons from Social Security Reform in China and Hong Kong
Article Number: C013 | Issue: 282 | Pages: 0

Abstract: This article looks at the determinants of asset-based programs as revealed in the social security reforms of China and Hong Kong. China’s new pension system allows for asset development and fosters productivistic welfare but the new medical insurance program poses challenges. Likewise, Hong Kong's Mandatory Provident Fund is a political compromise, and the government has failed to change the current medical system. The article examines factors affecting social security reform. The author argues that the social security programs should be made more development- and asset-based.

Asset-Based Policy in the United Kingdom
Article Number: C011 | Issue: 282 | Pages: 0

Abstract: Asset-based policies in the United Kingdom have advanced quickly in recent years. This article outlines the main arguments in the UK debate and places this debate in a wider context. It describes the two most high profile asset-based policies: the Child Trust Fund, a seeded savings account for all children; and the Saving Gateway, a matched savings scheme for working-age adults. Key questions and tensions are outlined.

Assets of the Chinese Urban Poor and Its Implications for Social Policy
Article Number: C007 | Issue: 273 | Pages: 0

Abstract: This article is based on a large-scale survey of the assets, income, and housing of the urban poor (N = 803) in the city of Jinan, Shandong province. The survey shows that (1) although the Minimum Standard of Living (MSL) for urban dwellers has played an important role in securing people’s basic needs, many poor families still have difficulty making ends meet; (2) most poor families own few assets other than housing; and (3) there are large differences in asset ownership and housing among the urban poor. The following recommendations are offered to help the poor meet their basic needs and accumulate assets for poverty alleviation: (1) MSL aid should be moderately increased; (2) income should not be the only eligibility criterion for MSL aid; and (3) a social welfare system based on asset building should be established to help the poor accumulate assets.

Authoritanianism x democracy: The influence of leaderships of social development
Article Number: B20 | Issue: | Pages: 12

Abstract: This study aims at the identification of a leadership style, and its influence on major and minor participation of outskirts inhabitants. This research encompassed governmental, non-governmental, cultural, community, and religious leadership organizations from Planalto Serrano, Serra, ES. The results indicate that there are democratic leadership styles (decisions are made in meaningful meetings) and authoritarian leaderships styles (see inhabitants as incapable of making decision). 2443 words

Basic Paradigms of Chinese Poverty Alleviation
Article Number: C002 | Issue: 273 | Pages: 0

Abstract: How to help the poor escape poverty is the main concern of social policy worldwide. The article discusses two basic paradigms of Chinese poverty alleviation strategies: ethical asset building and poverty reduction without stigma. The article analyzes Chinese poverty alleviation strategies that are based on traditional social and cultural values such as self-reliance, hard work, mutual help, and collectivism. The article also highlights how the Chinese government has changed from being a passive last resort to an active planner, organizer, and service provider. The author argues that in order to establish an effective social welfare system, the government must continue to play an active role in poverty alleviation efforts and provide more social services to the poor.

Between the Local and the Global: reflections concerning the ambiguities of a transitional context
Article Number: B4N053 | Issue: | Pages: 18

Abstract: This study refers to the insertions of the globalization phenomenon in the social expressions of the identity concept and intends to present subsidies to the discussion of contemporary social problems unleashed in the globalization context and that is characterized by the ambiguity between the local and the global.

Beyond indigenization and reconceptualization: Towards a global, multidirectional model of technology transfer
Article Number: N020 | Issue: | Pages: 23

Abstract: In light of the limitations of existing models of social work exchange, an alternative multidirectional model of technology transfer is presented. Based on social development principles, this model would be effective in depicting the global dissemination of initiatives originating in developing countries that are successfully applied within the developed world.

Biodiesel - A Vehicle for Sustainable Rural Development
Article Number: B40 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract: Biodiesel derived from a variety of oilseeds has tremendous potential for promoting rural development. Current progress, however, has focused more on technology and economics while paying inadequate attention to people issues. As this field is still nascent, it is appropriate now to help shape and influence public development policies and programs to have a strong people -orientation cognizant of their needs and aspirations.

Black People and Mental Health in Britain: Social exclusion and a strategy for inclusion
Article Number: B22 | Issue: 283 | Pages: 30

Abstract: The article challenges the medically dominated mental health orthodoxy in Britain. It advocates a community development approach, underpinning anti-racist, empowering policy and practice. The article raises important issues for those working to facilitate welfare and address the human misery caused by racism in society.

Brazilian Technical Cooperation in Education for East Timor: An Analysis of the Results of the 'Alfabetização Comunitária' Project
Article Number: B64 | Issue: | Pages: 21

Abstract: Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (CTPD) has become an important instrument utilized by the Brazilian government to launch the country into the international scene and to promote social and economic development in several countries and sectors. Moreover, Brazil has become worldwide recognized for the excellence of her social projects in areas such as public health and education. East Timor is one of the countries that benefited from Brazilian international technical cooperation in several sectors. East Timor struggled (and still struggles) to have her sovereignty recognized, to rebuild the nation and to reintroduce symbols of the Timorese resistance against the Indonesian forces, such as the Portuguese language and culture. In that context, Brazil played a crucial role in providing assistance for the purpose of rebuilding the nation, specially through the implementation of projects in education. Brazilian Program “Alfabetização Solidária” (Solidary Adult Education), through its excellent and widely recognized experience and results in Brazil, was the inspiration for the design of an adult education project - named "Alfabetização Comunitária" (Community Based Education) - that eventually supported the restructuring of the Timorese educational sector by stimulating adult education from the year 2000 to the year 2002. This study has, as for the main objective, to verify the role that the project "Alfabetização Comunitária" played for the reestructuring of the educational sector in that country. It is concluded that the project helped to strengthen the Timorese education and, most of all, her society, and that the utilization of well-structured projects for social development hold potential for promoting significant results crucial for the process of rebuilding a nation.

Breaking the Silence: Unveiling Sexuality in Old People
Article Number: B15N066 | Issue: | Pages: 18

Abstract: The objective is describing how senior people live their sexuality and the factors that can be intervening. The individuals were seniors from the city of Palmas, PR. The information was obtained through survey and a focal group. The primordial factors that appeared in the research as influential in senior people's sexuality were: family, religion and the group relations.

Building Public Assets in Chinese Communities
Article Number: C008 | Issue: 273 | Pages: 0

Abstract: Public assets in communities refer to all the tangible assets needed by community-based social service organizations to provide services to community residents. The goal of public assets is to deliver public goods for social welfare and social redistribution. The article uses survey data from community service centers in Jinan City in the Shandong Province of China to show if and how community service centers can be considered public assets in the communities they serve. Accumulating and managing public assets in communities should be a central focus of Chinese social development.

Building Transnational Grassroots Business Cooperatives for Overcoming Poverty
Article Number: TC01 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: National and international governmental efforts billed as helping to overcome world poverty have been exposed as exacerbating the impoverished but serving large business and elite native groups. In response a model is suggested for transnational cooperatives to circumvent misdirected government and international agency programs. The model is set up to truly benefit those presently impoverished.

Business owners and social development: Exploring their communitarian and network social capital
Article Number: M-54 | Issue: 2623 | Pages: 0

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Canadian social policy and the diminishing social welfare state: Rethinking the distributive paradigm
Article Number: N002 | Issue: | Pages: 27

Abstract: In this paper, I undertake a critical review of the prevailing market-driven distributive paradigm that underpins social welfare policy-making in Canada. My intent is to raise questions in a thoughtful and provocative way among a new generation of social work students, human service practitioners, and social policy analysts and scholars—those who will help shape the humanity and quality of Canadian society in the coming millennium. New themes of "community" and "wellness" are introduced as key theoretical constructs of a "social wellness" paradigm that is quickly emerging as an alternative to the dated and ineffective "social welfare" distributive model.

Challenges in assessing needs (Sovenian case)
Article Number: B5N054 | Issue: 283 | Pages: 19

Abstract: Accountable service planning requires information about potential users. Needs assessment is a tool that can be used to provide such information. This article describes some challenges in assessing the needs of social service users in Prizma Ponikve, a public institution for mentally and physically challenged adults in Slovenia. The majority of users expressed needs of improved relations and of activities inside institution. The findings were the basis for development of individual plan of activities.

Challenges to governance in India and its impact on social development
Article Number: N003 | Issue: | Pages: 26

Abstract: This paper provides the conceptual framework of the terms social development, governance, good governance and goes on highlight the challenges for governance. The impact of these challenges on social development and ways to manage these challenges to facilitate social development have also been discussed. This paper is set in the Indian context.

Characteristics of Effective Leaders in Democratic Pluralistic Societies
Article Number: N012 | Issue: | Pages: 26

Abstract: The world is at critical juncture in history and the decisions made today will mark a new beginning. As nation-states face challenges in social development from both external and internal forces; the voices of the oppressed for their rightful share of resources and power continue to be marginalized. Since the presenters hail from three different nations, case studies of the US, India, and Canada are used to illustrate the situations an event that portray characteristics of effective leaders.

Child Headed Households in Mozambique: Towards needs-based policy and practice
Article Number: N069/CP02 | Issue: 293 | Pages: 23

Abstract: In this study, the conditions of children living in Child Headed Households (CHHs) are examined including access to food, education, housing, abuse and social stigma. One hundred and eleven interviews were conducted with heads of households in the Sofala province of Mozambique. Based on the results, the authors suggest implications for policy and program development as well as further research.

Chinese Policies on Social Assistance in Rural Areas
Article Number: C003 | Issue: 273 | Pages: 0

Abstract: This article categorizes the types of social assistance in rural China and explores the possibility of building assets within the rural social welfare system. The authors recommend that both economic and social resources be taken into consideration to develop a rural social assistance framework.

Chinese Private Entrepreneurs between Bureaucratic and Market Coordination: A Crucial Test of the Market Transition Theory at the Eve of the 15th Party Congress
Article Number: N057 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: The Chinese economy has begun to transit from a command economy into a market economy since 1978. Start with the 15th Party Congress, reform in the state owned enterprises has launched a new wave of changes in Chinese private entrepreneurship. However, academics still lack of a theorization of market transition period. The theory of market transition, as pioneered by Victor Nee, attempts to delineate how the emerging market coordination replaces the old bureaucratic coordination. As a result, the political factors will decline in their importance in determining economic transactions. Human capital and other economic consideration will become more and more prominent as marketization process deepens. However, the state-centric theorists dispute that government officials will continue their influence because bureaucratic coordination is still somehow integrated to the emerging economic system. This original research examines both theoretical perspectives through studying private entrepreneurs in a highly marketized city, Guangzhou. Our data shows that education and loose political network explain entrepreneurial success. The result partially supports both perspectives. Neither perspective satisfactorily explains our data. It is suggested that in 1990s we were wrong to presuppose the Chinese economy going to be completely marketized. A better approach is to examine how bureaucratic and market coordination systems are twisted together in forming a socio-political context for economic transactions.

Citizen Company: Performance of the INFAERO Socail Responsibility Projects
Article Number: B8N059 | Issue: | Pages: 6

Abstract: INFRAERO is a socially engaged company that deals with some social programs, projects and campaigns which aims to face local social inequalities. This paper draws an effort divulging the main actors of the company in the external social responsibility area.

Common Economic Cycles of the Three Largest Economies of the Brazilian Northeast States: Bahia, Ceara and Pernambuco
Article Number: B36 | Issue: 283 | Pages: 21

Abstract: This article examines whether the Gross State Product (GSP) of the Brazilian states of Bahia, Ceará, and Pernambuco are cointegrated during the period 1970 to 2000. It estimates the relationship of the short and long runs using the vector error correction method. The results show that the economies of Bahia and Ceará complement each other, while the economies of Ceará and Pernambuco are competitive. These results show the importance of considering the effects that development policies of a particular state can have on other states in the region.

Community and Adolescence in Four Societies
Article Number: N019 | Issue: 271 | Pages: 30

Abstract: This study disputes the assumption that adolescence is a universal life stage as described by Erikson (1963, 1982, 1997). Data were collected from about twelve communities in four countries: the United States, India, New Zealand, and Romania. The findings suggest that there is a hierarchy of communities and societies in every country, and that adolescence is socially constructed in each of these local settings.

Conceptual and Practical Difficulties in Doing Research in Developing Countries: Some Notes for Consideration
Article Number: N094 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: Doing social science research in developing countries is always a difficult and challenging task for the researchers in this field. In those countries, researchers have to face various practical realities in conducting their research work. Selection of the topic, relevance of concepts, operationalization of different variables, designing questionnaire, making initial contact and gaining access, data collection, access to documents/information sources etc. are some of the challenging parts for a researcher. For that cause different strategies are needed to take to solve those problems. Only an efficient and experienced researcher can handle those problems tactfully.

Consequences and Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse on Taiwanese Women
Article Number: CP04 | Issue: 293 | Pages: 0

Abstract: Human beings undergo a constant process of constructing meanings, and this process may influence the impact of experiences such as childhood sexual abuse (CSA). This study was designed to examine the ways that Taiwanese female participants perceived their experiences of CSA. Eleven participants were interviewed using a life history approach. Two findings emerged— consequences of CSA and the impact of CSA on current lives. These themes are discussed and the limitations and implications of the findings are addressed.

Constraints and opportunities for social development and private sector co-operation: The case of resource extraction projects
Article Number: M-30 | Issue: 261 | Pages: 22

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Contexts of Control: Modern Slavery in the U.S.
Article Number: N101 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This paper asks what contexts make it possible to control individuals in modern slavery. By reviewing concepts in the modern slavery literature relevant to context, we propose four new constructs and a new model for analyzing how social and economic factors facilitate control of slaves in the U.S. We validate this model on eleven U.S. slavery cases and discuss implications and promising uses of the model.

Contribution of traditional healers in care giving with reference to Kanye Community Home Based Care Programme (CHBC), Botswana.
Article Number: N112 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: The research was qualitative in design and exploratory in nature and explored traditional healers’ contribution in the Kanye Community Home Based Care (CHBC) programme. The study findings revealed that although some clients had confidence with the traditional healers and their services, caregivers’ confidence with them was waning due to extensive and detrimental campaign fronted by the biomedical practitioners.

Creative Approaches for International Social Work Practice: Using theatre and dialogue
Article Number: B80 | Issue: | Pages: 17

Abstract: Social work is in the unique position to reach deeply into people’s lives, engaging in social development activities that offer great healing, personal growth, and transformation. This paper discusses the use of dialogue and theatre when working in multinational, multicultural, international settings. These approaches open up opportunities for participants to explore and exchange ideas and insights on a range of issues as broad as social and cultural change, oppression, discrimination, and marginalization.

Creative Approaches to Preparing Professionals for International Social Development
Article Number: B67 | Issue: | Pages: 17

Abstract: Current social work approaches and curriculum are limited for educating international social development professionals. Relevant literature is reviewed, needed skills in international development are identified and appropriate curriculum for preparing professionals for international development are discussed. Related issues such as the feasibility of educating professionals in developed countries for service in the developing world and whether social work is the only or best profession for preparing individuals for international work is presented. Contrib Agreements: Rodgers 7/11, Morrison J 7/15, MorrisonJudith 1/23/06. Moved to general submission when contributing author forms could not be gathered in time for peer-review.

Credit and Financial Services in America’s Fringe Economy
Article Number: N029 | Issue: 272 | Pages: 27

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Cultural pluralism--a way towards peaceful co-existence
Article Number: N016 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract: Indian civilization is unique in nature in respect of its continuity and heterogeneity. Different communities living together present a picture of unity in diversity. The process of adaptation and interaction has been undergoing from time immemorial. There has had been instances of cultural conflicts too. Indian Constitution has been designed to accept and promote cultural pluralism but legislative measures alone are not enough. Inculcating values and social responsibilities among the people is the need of the hour. People from all walks of life have to come together to promote cultural pluralism, as that is the only hope towards a peaceful co-existence of different communities.

Cultural Transplantation and Cultural Creation: Historical Study on the Formation and Development of Medical Social Work of Peking Union Medical College
Article Number: N082 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract: Missionary medical service is both an important issue of classical fundamental theory and a neglected topic for discussion of theoretical policy. The history of formation and development of Peking Union Medical College is a miniature of Christian higher education in modern China and a best case of religious cultural communication. For a long time, the discuss on the model of Christian colleges’ indigenization at home and abroad mainly focuses on some superficial phenomena, such as identity of presidents, teaching contents, role of religious education, resources of expenditure of running colleges and modes of managing the colleges and so on. Therefore comes into being a tradition of “formal indigenization mode”. Taking the historical changes of formation and development of old and new Peking Union Medical College as the background, the formation, development and historical changes of its social service, especially the communication, cooperation, clash and relation reconstruction of medical health culture as a clue, the paper deeply explores the mode of Christian college’s indigenization. The present author supposes that the modes of Chinese Christian college’s indigenization can be divided into three categories, the lowest level, indigenization of personnel, property, goods and materials, equipment; the middle level, indigenization of administrative management, rules and regulations and running mechanism; the highest level, indigenization of cultural transplantation and cultural creation. The new Peking Union Medical College that reopened in 1921 lightened its religious color of Christian college, paid more attention to responding to Chinese social needs, spreading advanced medical health culture, laying equal stress on medical teaching, clinical service and scientific researches. As a result, “responsive” mode of medical teaching was built, large numbers of excellent persons were trained, a unique PUMC mode and culture was developed and Chinese and Western cultural communication and cultural transplantation were realized. The paper concludes that the key problem that Christian colleges met with was cultural transplantation, while the cultural transplantation had different modes. The best mode of Christian colleges’ cultural transplantation is to respond to local social needs and create new culture in the process. Cultural building and cultural graft is the best way of cultural transplantation. The mode of PUMC’s cultural transplantation is worth deep study.

Deinstitutionalization: re-entering mental health patients into their families and into the community
Article Number: B37 | Issue: | Pages: 9

Abstract: This study presents a re-integration project carried out with mental health patients in Recife, Northeast Brazil. The deinstitutionalization program targeted patients with long psychiatric hospital stays. Recife has 2.475 hospital beds, of which 1.386 are in 07 psychiatric hospitals. At least 477 beds are occupied by seriously mentally ill patients, living for one or more years in psychiatric hospitals. Most patients are from the poor classes and are living in the hospital because their families have socioeconomic difficulties to care for a mentally ill relative. The Recife Health Department developed a project to re-integrate them according to their needs: patients who have lost contact with their families are re-entering the community sharing a house with others patients, Therapeutic Residence Program; and those patients who still have family support are allocated to the Re-entering Home Program, which provides psychosocial assistance to the families. In both programs, patients after living the psychiatric hospital should be provided with economic support and clinical, rehabilitative and social services. Improved clinical condition and overall quality of life have been observed among patients that left psychiatric hospitals and are living in therapeutic residences and among those that were re-entered into their families.

Democratic Models and Social Development
Article Number: B57 | Issue: 283 | Pages: 29

Abstract: We praise democracy as the most suitable political context within which to accomplish social development. Therefore, this article has two objectives. First, we delineate the concepts of social development, democracy, and the majoritarian and pluralist models of democracy. Second, we explore the relationships between the accomplishment of social development and these two democratic models. We address these objectives by a comprehensive literature review and conclude that the pluralist model is more accommodating to social development.

Digital and Social Inclusion: Porto Digital Experience
Article Number: B21 | Issue: | Pages: 28

Abstract: This is an analysis of the experiences of the Social Responsibility Program of the Management Nucleus of the Porto Digital (NNPD), according to the view of some of the stakeholders. It is emphasized that the proposal carried out by this organization, operating in the business of information technology, is one of social and digital inclusion within the extremely underprivileged areas of the city of Recife, Pernambuco.

Do Benefits of Debt Relief Reach Vulnerable Individuals and Households in Heavily Indebted Poor Countries?
Article Number: N109 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This paper examines whether debt-reduction strategies, as currently implemented, are a viable mechanism for poverty reduction and empowerment of Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and their citizens. We propose an alternative framework utilizing a Poverty Action Fund, engaging stakeholders in both creditor and debtor nations. We argue that this strategy has great potential to promote the welfare of the most vulnerable people in HIPCs.

Documenting social development paradoxes in Guatemala through the research poem
Article Number: N036 | Issue: | Pages: 21

Abstract: This exploratory, qualitative study investigates the perceptions of Guatemalans regarding the impact of tourism and migration in Antigua, Guatemala. The vehicle of data presentation is the research poem, a new and valuable innovation within qualitative research. The research poems presented were derived from twenty-two interviews with owners and directors of language schools and the Maya of Antigua. The sociohistorical factors that present a context to the data are also presented.

Does Education Reduce Wage Inequality?: The quantile regression evidence in Brazil during the period 1992-2002
Article Number: B38 | Issue: | Pages: 19

Abstract: This paper undertakes an empirical examination of the rates of return on human capital in Brazil through the period of macroeconomic stabilization and trade liberalization (1992-2002). An appropriate empirical strategy is to fit the earnings model across different points in the conditional sample distribution using the quantile regression. Counterfactual analysis is also considered to show the changes in both the actual and conditional distributions. The results demonstrate that there is evidence for the growing inequality in the rates of return on education in Brazil.

Economic exclusion and social isolation: The social impact of unemployment on urban workers and their families in China
Article Number: M-49 | Issue: 261 | Pages: 23

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Effective Use of Civil Society in Cyclone Preparedness Program Saves Lives and Properties in Coastal Bangladesh
Article Number: D4 | Issue: | Pages: 17

Abstract: This paper will share the ideas and efforts to tell the story of the inner strengths of civil society members as ‘volunteers’ in saving lives and properties before, during, and after natural disaster. The paper is based on an empirical research that employed case study method to understand how Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP) uses civil society as a strategy to help reduce damages resulting from natural disasters in the coastal Bangladesh. 2nd req to Hollister due 3/17/06. Rejected with request for substantial revision 5/22/06

Emerging Perspectives on Social Development
Article Number: B49 | Issue: | Pages: 23

Abstract: The concept of social development is broad: it encompasses, among others, welfare, community development and socio-ecological development. Its core elements are equity, social justice, participation, sustainability and peace. As a goal, condition and process, it calls for renewal, restructuration, enhanced responsivity and functioning of institutions of society based on humanistic values.

Empowerment and Social Change: The Rural Women Struggle at the Dry Farming Lands in the Semi-Arid Pernambuco-Brazil
Article Number: B14N065 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract: This study, analyses the struggle of the rural women workers, for changes relating gender in the arid region of Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil. It is an ethnographic orientation research in social psychology. The results indicate that despite the collective movement and the conquest of rights in various ambits, the family and the community resist the empowerment of the rural area women.

Empowerment, Engagement, and Economic Freedom - Women's Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in South India
Article Number: N097 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: The last few decades have witnessed dramatic changes in India in areas ranging from the indices of economic growth to the processes relating to women’s empowerment. One of the tools for some of these major changes, especially in the lives of the poor and rural women, has been the Women’s Self Help Group (SHG) movement. This initiative of both NGO’s and the government involves the formation of small groups of marginalized women, both urban and rural, with 15-20 members per group. The focus of the group is economic improvement through income-generation, micro-credit and micro-finance. However, the cascading effect that these groups have had on the lives of the poor women has spread beyond the confines of finance. It has had social, psychological and cultural implications. This paper looks at some of these intended and unintended changes that have occurred though formation, participation and propagation of this SHG movement among the poor women of India.

Enhancing Volunteer Retention in Community Development in Singapore
Article Number: N031 | Issue: 281 | Pages: 0

Abstract: This article examines the issue of volunteer retention in a community setting in Singapore. Demographic variables, attitudes towards organization and motivations to volunteer were the factors examined. The need for affiliation, the information and knowledge available and friends’ support have been found to be predictors of retention. Findings emphasized the importance of social support and volunteer management in volunteer retention. Various suggestions to improve retention of volunteers have been proposed.

Environmental Education and Citizenship as Tools for Management of Municipal Wastes in Northeast of Brazil
Article Number: B2N051 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract: Environmental education and citizenship under holistic as a tool for sorting out or minimizing environmental problems were worked with the local communities of seven cities in countryside of Pernambuco. The informations were presented for the communities (100 participants in each city), using booklets, dynamic activities and Environmental Education Meeting for discussing the municipal problems organizing a strategic plan with community and municipal authorities. Edits requested on May 3, 2005. Edited manuscript received 10/26/05.

Escape from the Ivory Tower
Article Number: B46 | Issue: | Pages: 25

Abstract: University College Dublin is the largest university in the Republic of Ireland. The Department of Social Policy and Social Work has been working with the community and voluntary sector in the implementation of third level courses in community drugs work. Participation in third level education is unevenly distributed throughout society. For many it is the first opportunity to engage in a formal, accredited learning process. Other Key Words: accreditation, community education, drugs Other Method: partnership, reflection

Examining Democracy in Poland
Article Number: N008 | Issue: 271 | Pages: 26

Abstract: In the last fifteen years, Poland has experienced phases of modernization: democratic pluralism, a market economy, and integration into the European Union. This article examines the public’s views on the democratic change. Opinion polls indicate highly negative sentiments. The democratic process in one of the European Union's poorer countries is criticized for its accompanying increase in inequality.

Examining the Role of Gender in Community Development
Article Number: N073 | Issue: 292 | Pages: 27

Abstract: There has been much debate and speculation within the development literature about the role of gender in the development process. Feminist theorists, particularly during the decade between 1980 and 1990 offered a number of compelling arguments that the development process had traditionally ignored the women's issues and the result created negative impacts on women, their families, and communities in general. Research is presented that examines this tension with findings indicating that in some settings there may be little benefit to targeting specific women's issues.

Extending cash assistance to poor families whose time limits have expired: A comparison of criteria in economically advantages versus disadvantages counties of ohio
Article Number: N041 | Issue: 291 | Pages: 18

Abstract: Abstract: Questions have arisen over whether welfare programs are truly designed to provide the supports that can ultimately lead to self-sufficiency. This study examines Ohio’s criteria for providing continued cash assistance and supportive services to welfare recipients who’ve reached the end of their time limits in counties with contrasting economic conditions. Implications for a successful transition to self-sufficiency are discussed.

External Debt and Economy of Pakistan
Article Number: N104 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: The paper pindowns the impact of external debt on economy of Pakistan with emphasis on empirical relationship of external debt, growth, investment and exports over the period 1983-2004. Present findings imply that the substantial raise in the stock of external debt put negative effect on investment, positive effect on exports and has no effect on growth.Findings imply that if policy maker wants to increase social welfare, living standards and growth, then it may be necessary to fumish with the poltical, military and social enviroment with compitible enforcement devices with respect to the economy’s targets, choices and preferences. Results propose that external debt has less effect on economy growth of Pakistan which is dominately influenced by political factors, feudalisam and buerocracractic authorties. In nut shell, our findings supports the idea that the setting of external debt by authorties must be disciplined which, in some instances is possibly over ruled by the structural adjustment programmes, which can remove economic distortion, accelerate exports, growth and encourage external debt compliers.

Families Versus Institutions: What is the Evidence?
Article Number: N100 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: Almost every childcare organization in the world is committed to the belief that to grow up as a healthy, productive and happy person, children need the care of families, be they biological, adoptive, foster or simulated. Consequently, childcare efforts are generally restricted to small family-like groups. In view of the growing numbers of orphans in the world, due to disease, war, and poverty, activities to serve children in large numbers are almost completely absent, with the result that millions of children are denied even a modicum of help. This article deals with the search for empirical proof that the family-care approach is warranted by outcomes.

Family Scholarship Program: Pre-conditions, possibilities and limits to unify the Income Transfer Programs in Brazil
Article Number: B6 | Issue: 283 | Pages: 20

Abstract: The Family Scholarship Program is a strategy to unify income transfer programs in Brazil. The assumption is that monetary transfers can help poor families step out of the vicious cycle of poverty when combined with structural policies such as education, health, and job generation. By December 2005, the program had benefited 8.7 million families with a budget of US$ 3 billion. The program is targeted to reach 11.2 million families by December 2006, which approximately equals the total poor population in Brazil.

Fertility Transition in India
Article Number: N087 | Issue: | Pages: 29

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting fertility in India as informed by the “Demographic Transition Theory.” This theory suggests that improved standard of living, public health programs, educational development, technology and medical advances promote a decline in the level of fertility. Using the data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), India: 1998-1999, this study tests the following major hypothesis: The higher the level of socioeconomic development, the lower the fertility rate among the states of India. The findings support the demographic transition theory in large measure, revealing that the overall socioeconomic development (modernization, health, education, and family planning) is inversely related to fertility rates (crude birth rate and total fertility rate) among the states of India.

Food Security of Low Income Families: a study of two non-governmental organizations in Pelotas and Garibaldi
Article Number: B7N058 | Issue: | Pages: 20

Abstract: This work aims to bring up the thematic of Food Security through a study performed in two NGO’s, located in two cities– Pelotas and Garibald/RS. It focuses on knowing how the families, which have under their responsibility the maintenance of children and adolescents, looked after by the NGOs, get organized as to the Food Security of the family group.

From Hoshi to Borantia: Transformations of Volunteering in Japan and Implications for Foreign Policy
Article Number: IV04 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This study explores the relationship between state-citizen relations and changing notions of volunteering in Japan. I map the Japan’s state-citizen relations through an analysis of the transformations of volunteering in Japan from “hoshi” (mutual obligation) to “borantia” (borrowed from the English “volunteer”). The paper broadly considers these paradigm shifts in terms of the context of the role International Volunteer Sending Agencies (IVSAs) in Japanese foreign policy.

Future Station Program: In defense of youngsters at risk situation in the streets
Article Number: B54 | Issue: | Pages: 23

Abstract: Future Station Program is an action of Pernambuco State Government, addressed to youngsters of the age group between 16 to 21 years in risky situation on the streets, having as objective to promote a group of actions turned to personal, social and professional development of youngsters. Contrib Agreement: Amorim 6/10/05, Leite 7/5/05

Gender Discrimination and Education in West Africa: Strategies for Maintaining Girls in School
Article Number: N071 | Issue: | Pages: 19

Abstract: Girls’ education lags behind that of boys’ education in West African countries. This paper examines reasons for the persistence of gender gap among schools in Ghana, Nigeria and Togo in West Africa. The reasons include cultural practices such as early marriage, low status of women, poverty, household duties, and gender- insensitive school curricula. Despite to increase enrollment of girls in schools, the problem still exists. The paper examines measures that could improve school attendance for girls. Contrib Agreements: 10/11/05

Gender gap in social protection: Differential access to non-contributory income maintenance in rural India
Article Number: N079 | Issue: 302 | Pages: 27

Abstract: In the developing countries, the newly introduced cash transfer programmes for social protection, though are important rights for the poorest households, access to these programmes are structured on micro-level interactions at household level. This paper, presenting evidence from the Indian state of Maharashtra, argues how access is structured on gender basis to these cash transfer programmes. The paper is focussing on three types of situations where women experience the need of social protection: single-handedly maintaining the household, loss of partner and disability. New due date for Mohan: 4/1/06. Reminder to Mohan: 4/19/06.

Gender, Bureaucracy and Development in Ghana
Article Number: M-39 | Issue: 261 | Pages: 27

Abstract:

Geriatric-End-of-Life Care: Developing a Protocol for a South African Frail Care Centre
Article Number: N117 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This paper reports on the first phase of a study on the development of a protocol for geriatric end-of-life care (EOLC) in a South African frail care center. Phase one focuses on the situation- and need analysis. Geriatric EOLC involves various moral and ethical dilemmas necessitating open discussion of the topic. This study aims at supplying guidelines for the development of such a protocol.

Globalization and Gender: Exploring the Effects of Welfare Reform in Puerto Rico
Article Number: B35 | Issue: | Pages: 28

Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of the 1996 Welfare Reform on the lives of poor women and their families in Puerto Rico. The theoretical framework emphasizes links between global economic restructuring, Structural Adjustment Programs and the shrinking of the welfare state in the US and PR. Data was collected from 30 in-depth interviews.

Globalization and Its Effects on Pluralism in Welfare States
Article Number: N006 | Issue: 271 | Pages: 16

Abstract: The article discusses effects of globalization on the development of welfare states, and two dimensions of future development are identified. The first part of the article presents arguments supporting democratic pluralism in welfare states. The second describes three welfare projects in Slovenia that reflect the logic of democratic pluralism.

God, Guns, and Gays: A Jungian Perspective on the Fitness of the United States of America for Global Leadership
Article Number: B51 | Issue: | Pages: 21

Abstract: This article assesses the United States of America’s fitness for global leadership from a Jungian perspective. Methods used by the federal government to further absolutism and the polarization attending inflation are delineated. Measures toward opening a dialogue to bridge the two sides of self, the two sides of the American gulf, and polarities within the global political psyche are explored. Reese: 6/6, Woodruff 6/15 Reviewer Reminders: 11/28/05 and 12/15/05.

Governance, Civil Society and Partnership: A View from the Periphery
Article Number: N014 | Issue: 281 | Pages: 15

Abstract: Governance, civil society and partnership represent critical dimensions of the current development discourse. These terms collectively and generally understood indicate the existence of a homogenous, communicative sphere of society based on dialogue. Field reality, however suggests that this homogeneity is far more imaginary than real. These concepts need to be critically examined in relation to the socio-political economic context that they are being unraveled in and through their operations in the form of specific programmes. The paper addresses this objective, basing itself on field experiences of pro-poor sanitation programmes in Mumbai.

Gram Swaraj in Madhya Pradesh: A step towards democratic pluralism and its challenges
Article Number: N013 | Issue: | Pages: 19

Abstract:

Harm Reduction in Prison
Article Number: B42 | Issue: | Pages: 21

Abstract: This article proceeds from the experience as technician on the Project of Harm Reduction, acomplished at Pernambuco State Female Prison which has as basic principle the right of freedom of choice and appears as a pragmatic and humanitarian alternative for facing, in the penal system, the drugs use problem and the harms from which originated.

Health advice and social control: the need of a profound study of its political dimension
Article Number: B17 | Issue: | Pages: 15

Abstract: This paper focuses on the practice of social control in formulating health policy in Campina Grande, PB. The points discussed in the study focus on the need of a theoretical-critical study on the concept of social control as well as the roles of deliberative councils and those of the councilors. 3668 words

Health Community Council: Enlarged spaces of participative democracy?
Article Number: B31 | Issue: | Pages: 17

Abstract: This communication discusses aspects related to Health Community Councils while potential spaces of social control exercise and of participative democracy. It highlights the councillors qualification experience as a strategy in order to qualify the performance of these individuals, as well as supporting their articulation with the sectional councils.

Health councils as spaces of democracy increasing
Article Number: B18 | Issue: | Pages: 14

Abstract: This research aims to describe the limits and the possibilities of Health Councils And National Plenary of Councils as spaces where the citizens can practice democratical actions. In this case, Health Council and National Plenary of Councils of Health can be considered the most important spaces of organization, mobilization and social control. Moreover, since 1990, they have reinforced all the fights pro health policies.

Heterogeneity in NGOs in health care necessitates democratic pluralism in social development
Article Number: N015 | Issue: | Pages: 32

Abstract: The paper highlights that, in West Bengal, NGOs are found as suitable means in providing preventive, community based and temporary health care facility. Due to plurality, NGOs cannot be used as permanent source of curative health services in the community. Hence, there is a need of integration of services of government, private and NGO sectors in better provisioning of health care.

Human capital and poverty: The effects of education, training, and health on economic status
Article Number: N096 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: We examine the effects of human capital on economic wellbeing of working age men and women in the United States using the August 1998 data point from the 1996 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by examining the effects of three dimensions of human capital – education, training, and health – on different levels of poverty. Using binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses, we tested the effects of human capital in the form of education, training, and health status after controlling for other demographic and employment related variables. We find that human capital variables are strong predictors of economic wellbeing and suggest that all three dimensions are reflected comprehensively in the workforce development strategies. We encourage policies that strengthen human capital including opportunities for higher education and quality training of the workforce, and their greater access and utilization of health care services.

Human Capital, Infrastructure, and Financial Development: Reducing Vulnerabilities to Natural Disaster Risk in Sub-Saharan Africa
Article Number: D2 | Issue: | Pages: 32

Abstract: How do greater quality of life and improved structural economic conditions help to minimize the frequency of occurrence and magnitude of natural disasters in Africa? This paper finds that greater human development mitigates disaster risk and consequences from epidemics and droughts in a cross-section of 25 Sub-Saharan African countries. The empirical results imply that Sub-Saharan African countries with extremely low levels of human development face greater risks to sustainable development if effective disaster risk management policies are not integrated into socio-economic framework for development policy. ASKED FOR EXTENSION. Sent reminder 1/3/06. Rejected with request for substantial revision 5/22/06. Revised Draft rejected by David Gillespie 9/22/06.

Human development in Bangladesh: A present scenario and prospects
Article Number: N037 | Issue: | Pages: 15

Abstract: Bangladesh emerged as an independent country on December 16, 1971 with an area of 147570 square k. m. It is one of the most populous and developing country in the World. The total population of our country is 129.25 million and among the total population 94.34 and 28.81 million peoples lives in rural and urban areas respectively (BBS, 2003:ix). It is known to all that people are the real wealth of a nation and considered them as human resource. All the development initiatives depend on people at large. But unemployment rate is 3.7 percent in our country. We should emphasis on the Human Development to achieve the goal of the real development. But all the efforts of Human Development are not emphasized by the development planner, policy maker of our country. The overall development of a country will be absolutely impossible by neglecting the development of human resources. So we want to analyse the conceptual framework, historical perspective and present scenario of Human Development in Bangladesh in this article.

Human rights resolutions in the United Nations General Assembly: The voting record of the United States
Article Number: N028 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This article presents a descriptive study of the U.S. voting record on U.N. human rights resolutions during the time period of 1983 to 1998. The voting records are compared with the predominant foreign policy perspectives of the Presidential Administrations issuing the votes (Reagan, Bush, and Clinton). The results indicate substantial differences in support for human rights across the Presidential Administrations.

Human Trafficking-Heaven and Hell in Japan
Article Number: B3N052 | Issue: | Pages: 13

Abstract: This paper firstly illustrates the present situation of the problem by way of statistical analysis and case studies. The paper secondly illustrates recent changes of Japanese Government policy for controlling foreigners of illegal stay and suppressing foreigners’ crime. And the paper finally deals with some problems as to emerging numbers of victims of human trafficking in Japan. Many people tell that Japan is Heaven for those who are engaged in the prostitution business but it is Hell for those who are trapped by them. 3695 words

Impact of Telecentres on Rural Socio-Economic Development: A Case Study of Asante Akim Multipurpose Community Telecentre, Ghana
Article Number: N033 | Issue: | Pages: 23

Abstract: Telecenters are computer technology-based centers that are generally located in rural or marginalized communities with limited resources. This paper reviews the experience of one telecenters in rural Ghana, Asante Akim Multipurpose Community Telecentre (AAMCT), as an example of the effectiveness of telecenters in aiding the development of disenfranchised people. The paper exemplifies how the rural community of Patriensa has been influenced by the activities of the telecenter in core areas such as health care, non-motorized transportation, education, and economics with information technology as one of the major components to achieving their long-term goal of closing the digital divide in rural communities in developing countries. Using a convenient and purposive sample of 100 respondents, the study found that most (76%) district residents had visited the Telecentre at least one time. The most commonly used service is the restaurant (33%), Guest Services (25%), and other services (12%). Overall, 95% of respondents who have used the Telecentre are happy with it. About 49% of the respondents said the Telecentre had a good impact on their lives, 2% mixed, 39% responded no impact, and 10% did not respond. Asked to describe the impact of the Telecentre on Patriensa and surrounding communities, 91% responded good, 4% mixed, 1% none and 4% did not respond. The study makes recommendations for improving the services of the Telecentre to make it more responsive to addressing the needs of the people.

Impact of Urbanization on Fisher-Folk of Mumbai
Article Number: B52 | Issue: | Pages: 25

Abstract: Owing to rapid industrialization, fishing activities and marketing operations of the traditional fisher (koli) community in Mumbai are getting affected. In this paper, we identify the socio-economic issues faced by the kolis and suggest a few ways in which some of these problems could be resolved. Personal interviews, questionnaires and survey work have been utilized as tools to perform this study. Author Agreements: Deshmukh 7/5, Naik 7/5

Impacts of Land Tenure Reforms on the Indigenous Peoples of Kenya
Article Number: B33 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: Kenya land cover is approximately 590,000km. It is a home of more than 42 indigenous peoples. This paper reviews the impact of land tenure reform policies on the livelihood of the peoples. Finally, it recommends national and international interventions which address reversal of current unsustainable land reform policies for improvement of dignity of the peoples. Reviewer reminders: 1/3/06, 2/13/06 reviewer indicated on 2-16/06 that the review would be sent in by 3/1/06. Review not received.

Implementation of Privatization Policy: Lessons from Bangladesh
Article Number: N113 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: The study is an attempt to explore and examine different aspects of policy implementation regarding privatization of state-owned enterprise (SOEs) in Bangladesh. For this purpose the study sheds light on the theoretical and conceptual issues of policy implementation, actors and factors that contributed to the initiation and persuasion of privatization policy regarding SOEs in Bangladesh, organizational and procedural arrangements involved in the implementation process, strategic tasks related to Privatization of SOEs, output of policy implementation (implementation result), and major impediments of policy implementation regarding Privatization of SOEs in Bangladesh. This paper also identifies the prospects, problems, and pitfalls of privatization programme in Bangladesh.

Income Distribution and Social Welfare : A Temporal Analysis on Indian Experience
Article Number: N081 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract: The article attempts to examine whether the economic prosperity, India achieved during the two decades in recent past, advances the welfare of the rural people. The concepts of Lorenz dominance, generalized Lorenz dominance and stochastic dominance have been used for this purpose. The study uses grouped household data, provided by National Sample Survey Organization between 1987-88 and 1999-2000. The analysis reveals a systematic well off of the people in rural India over time by dominance criterion.

Indigenous knowledge and its use in response to globalization: Indian experience
Article Number: N018 | Issue: | Pages: 17

Abstract: Indigenous knowledge can play an important role for the development of a country. It is also a suitable means to participate in the process of globalization. Due to lack of proper planning for the utilization of the pluralistic indigenous knowledge India fails to participate fully in the world competition. Hence the present study is an attempt to find out various indigenous knowledge of the indigenous people in India in general and North East India in particular.

Inequalities in accessing community services in china
Article Number: N045 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: Under the leadership of late Deng Xiaoping, the Chinese planned economy began its transformation into a socialist market economy in the late 1970s. In reforming the economy, the government has had to confront the limitations and constraints posed by the previous Soviet-style system of social service provision. The Chinese authorities have started to work on two avenues of welfare reform: dismantling the workplace-based welfare service delivery system through erecting new social insurance and pension schemes, and strengthening the community-based service delivery systems through introducing market elements. There are a number of studies dealing with the former avenue (White, 1998; Leung, 1995; Leung and Nann, 1996; and Chan, 1992). This paper, however, focuses on the latter—the introduction of market elements into service delivery. The objective of the present study is to examine whether or not the transition to a more market-oriented community delivery system results in inequalities in service reception.

Informal Sector Workers, Gender, and Income Inequality in the Caribbean: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago
Article Number: N055 | Issue: 291 | Pages: 32

Abstract: This article examines the relationship among gender, informal work, and income inequality in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and addresses theoretical debates surrounding the contribution of the informal sector to economic development. A multiple (OLS) regression is utilized to determine whether an increase in informally self-employed workers is associated with an increase in income inequality. The analysis demonstrates that the self-created income earning projects of women are at least equivalent to the earnings these women would make in the formal sector.

Innovative faith-based programs serving street-living children around the world: Best practices from Los Angeles, Mumbai and Nairobi
Article Number: N065 | Issue: | Pages: 36

Abstract: This study sought to determine which “faith” elements exist in faith-based organizations (FBOs) for street-living youth in Los Angeles, Mumbai and Nairobi and how programs influence client outcomes. Findings reveal similarities across cities in services, faith program components and client outcomes. Practice recommendations are offered to guide FBOs in designing and improving services based on effectiveness indicators. RECEIVED: Ferguson 6/13/05, Dyrness 6/15/05, Spruijt-Metz 6/15/05, Dabir 6/16/05, Dortzbach 6/27

Institutional Power Dynamics: Sexual Corruption in Media Houses of Uganda
Article Number: IFP02 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This paper uses a gender perspective to unravel power dynamics that are not normally considered within the dominant discourse on corruption. With less emphasis on corruption in monetary forms and sex as sexual harassment, this paper demonstrates that corruption can have a sexual dimension and could be used as a means to unethically obtain things including getting an article published.

Institutions and the Official Development Assistance Central American Example
Article Number: N084 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: The efficiency of the Official Development Assistance (ODA) in fostering development is not satisfactory. This paper analyzes the impact of ODA on GDP growth, conditional on institutional quality improvement of the beneficiary countries by using the example of Central American states.

Integral humanism as a political philosophy in a democratic pluralist society
Article Number: N011 | Issue: | Pages: 16

Abstract:

Integrated Management of Hydro Resources: Tools to ensure urban environmental sustainability
Article Number: B60 | Issue: 283 | Pages: 16

Abstract: Ensuring urban environmental sustainability and achieving effective water conservation are two goals strongly linked to the integration of hydro resources management and urban planning. This involves an approach that takes into consideration the complex network of social, political, economic, ecological, and symbolic relations that constitute the process of producing and managing urban space, articulating urban planning, environmental conservation, and ecological ethics. The objective of this article is to discuss the central aspects of the integrated management of hydro resources that would ensure urban environmental sustainability.

Intentions and Actual Help Seeking Behavior Among Jewish and Arab Youths in Isreal
Article Number: N049 | Issue: | Pages: 33

Abstract: The study examines the intentions and actual levels of help seeking among Jewish and Arab youths in Israel in the face of troubling problems. The sample consisted of 1055 participants, including 814 Jewish and 241 Arab youths. Three instruments were used: a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire exploring the participants’ intentions to seek advice and help when facing a problem, and a questionnaire exploring 18 problem areas identified as troubling for youths and inquiring whether participants actually sought advice and help for one of those areas in the previous year. Results indicated that the problem areas followed from a mixture of Israeli and Western reality. “Fear of the future” was the most sever issue for which participants sought advice and help, followed by “School Problems,” “Relationships with friends,” “Family problems,” and “Fear of terror attacks.” While we found differences between Jewish and Arab youths on intentions and actual help seeking, some similarities appeared as well. Both Jewish and Arab youths preferred friends as a source for help, but both indicated higher intentions to seek professional help than they actually did. Results are interpreted by comparing the intensions and actual help seeking, and discussed in light of the tension between the Jewish and Arab communities in Israel and of the upbringing of youths in both sectors.

Internal displacement and informal household strategies: Case study in Ambon
Article Number: N098 | Issue: 302 | Pages: 0

Abstract: This article states that IDP’s in the conflict torn city of Ambon tried to guarantee their access to financial capital by getting involved in informal market activities. These activities brought women more on the foreground in the household. However, since these strategies did not lead to a fulfilling income, once the violence came to an end, women were reinstated in the roles they had before conflict.

International Volunteering — is it becoming too institutionalised?
Article Number: IV03 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: International development volunteering has undergone a revival in the last few years, yet with little critical attention to its place in the international aid system. Starting with the premise that most volunteers are well-meaning and sincere, this paper focuses on the institutionalisation of development volunteering under the auspices of OECD aid programs. It explores the size of institutional volunteering, volunteering development philosophy, the costs of volunteering and its social and political impacts. It asks whether volunteering has become another plank in the neoliberal approach to development.

International volunteers for development: pursuing capacity development and sustainability with solidarity
Article Number: IV02 | Issue: | Pages: 0

Abstract: This paper considers in an exploratory way how international volunteers for development might be defined. It also includes a brief history of international volunteer sending agencies and suggests the international volunteers’ role may be particularly relevant given queries about the effectiveness of conventional forms of development via technical assistance. It reflects on the international volunteers’ role and suitability as a contributor to capacity development and the transition to a globally more ecologically sustainable state.

Is It Possible to Plan a Self-sustainable City?
Article Number: B39 | Issue: | Pages: 24

Abstract: The present work is a revision of the literature which refers to the theme self-sustainable cities and aims at pointing out the contradictions between the theoretical approaches and the applicability which lies on these trains of thoughts. It concerns the concepts of self-sustainability and management of urban environment taking into account Brazilian conditions. It is directly based on bibliographical research. Received: Ferraz 5/31, Oliveira 6/2, Alleluia 6/2, Marques 6/3, Filho 6/6, Cadorin 6/6

Kuwaiti Bedouin Moslem Women Achieving Control Over Their Lives: Factors Supporting Empowerment
Article Number: N060 | Issue: 291 | Pages: 24

Abstract: Only a small number of Bedouin women in Kuwait have achieved professional and personal independence in a society with strong normative cultural prescriptions and proscriptions about women making independent decisions about their lives, about becoming educated, and about entering occupations traditionally reserved for men. The purpose of this research is to identify factors that contribute to a Bedouin woman’s success in moving beyond the patriarchal restrictions that prevent most Bedouin women from realizing personal, educational, and professional aspirations. The authors searched for commonalities and themes among these women that might empower other young Bedouin women seeking to transcend cultural prescriptions and proscriptions. Findings contribute to the social work literature on empowerment, particularly the empowerment of women. of these women? CONTRIBUTOR AGREEMENT: Julia 6/13, AlMaseb 10/11

Learning about the Experiences of Drug Problems in Three Irish Communities from 1996 to 2004 Employing a Community Participatory Research Approach
Article Number: B45 | Issue: | Pages: 23

Abstract: This article is based on research funded by the National Advisory Council on Drugs in Ireland. It focuses on the development of community participation research. The aim of the research project was to investigate the experiences of the communities in relation to drugs issues in 1996 and 2002. The research sought to explore and describe the experiences of three communities in the greater Dublin area.

Learning from Relief Work during the Marathwada Earthquake of 1993
Article Number: D1 | Issue: | Pages: 45

Abstract: In the context of the Marathwada earthquake of 1993, the paper explores the nature and extent of relief provided; problems in organising and delivering relief; adequacy, timing and appropriateness of the relief provided; co-ordination; the facilitating and constraining factors; affected people's participation in relief work; and attempts to suggest how best relief could be organised and administered. Revision request sent 3/13/06, due April 17-May 5. Rejected with request for substantial revision: 5-22-06.

Leisure and Local Development: a Study of Social Exclusion
Article Number: B10 | Issue: | Pages: 19

Abstract: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the disparity between the aspirations and the concrete conditions of leisure and recreation of a community in need, who live in Recife, Brazil. The lack of public policies for leisure in the community studied is very evident. This further aggravates the already extreme degree of exclusion of these families. 3268 words

Lessons for the "second responders": Analysis of hurricane Katrina as an environmental and social tragedy through social work values
Article Number: D5 | Issue: 301 | Pages: 0

Abstract: Hurricane Katrina as an environmental disaster ripped the veil of deceit and ignorance covering major social problems in the United States. Katrina has revealed to the whole world the picture of poverty, inequality, neglect, racism, and oppression. The social agenda of the ruling class became evident in the governmental response to the crisis. Social workers, as 'second responders', assist victims with concrete services and counseling. At the same time, the social work profession has a responsibility to understand the tragedy as emblematic of the profound problems afflicting American society. In this article, we argue that social work response to disasters must go beyond facilitating charity and providing victims with PTSD counseling. Using social work values as an ideological framework for critical education and political action this article examines the reaction by the United States government and the media as acts of oppression and obfuscation. Social work values also serve as a guide for a strong proactive response required of the social work profession. ABSTRACT ONLY. ContribAgreements: Moyo 10/18 Sent reminder 1/3/06 Sent last reminder 2/17/06.

Localization of Social Work Practice, Education and Research: A Content Analysis
Article Number: N070 | Issue: 292 | Pages: 29

Abstract: The localization of social work education, research and practice is an internationally recognized ar